The New Public Health has emerged as a concept to meet a whole new set of conditions, associated with increasing longevity and aging of the population, with the post World War II generation reaching the over 65 age group facing the growing importance of chronic diseases. Inequalities in health exist in and between affluent and developing societies, as well as within countries, even those having advanced health care systems.

The New Public Health builds upon the foundations of traditional public health, offering a holistic approach aimed at safeguarding and enhancing the health of individuals and communities. This approach integrates various elements such as sanitation, environmental health, health promotion, and community focused preventive services, all while coordinating with a diverse array of curative, rehabilitative, and long term care options. It adapts to advancements in science, technology, and our understanding of human behavior to maximize health outcomes for both individuals and the broader population. Continuous monitoring of epidemiological, economic, and social factors is essential for effective management, evaluation, and planning aimed at improving health outcomes.

This modern perspective on public health utilizes a wide range of evidence based scientific practices, technological advancements, and management strategies to enhance the health of people and communities. Its primary goals involve applying lessons learned from past experiences in disease management and promoting preventive strategies to address current and emerging health threats and challenges. By combining traditional public health approaches with the integration of personal care services and community initiatives, it fosters a comprehensive strategy. Evaluating the cost effectiveness of public health and medical interventions is key to addressing disease burdens and encourages the pursuit of innovative health solutions. The New Public Health is poised to continue evolving drawing from global experiences and new ideas in science and technology.

The COVID 19 pandemic highlighted the extensive range of issues that must be tackled in the quest to protect population health today and its broader implications for society worldwide. It is crucial to consider the increasing awareness of climate change and social disparities in health, even in developed nations with comprehensive health systems and robust educational and social support mechanisms. To prepare future leaders and the public for upcoming public health and global health security challenges, foundational concepts of public health should be introduced at primary, secondary, and higher education levels. Today, the benefits of public health for protecting and improving health and well being continue to be apparent. Several public health achievements have been documented such as reductions in child mortality and vaccine preventable diseases, improvements in access to safe water and sanitation, prevention and control of malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), control of tuberculosis, tobacco, and neglected tropical diseases, increased awareness and response for improving global road safety, and improved preparedness and response to global health threats.